· EDITOR'S NOTE
· HEADLINES
o NEWS UPDATE
· REGIONAL
- DIPLOMAT EXCHANGE
- REGIONAL DEFENSE
- GULF COOPERATION
COUNCIL STATEMENT CONDEMNS BAGHDAD
· BAHRAIN
- HEALTH INSURANCE
FOR FOREIGNERS
· SAUDI ARABIA
- SECURITY PACT
WITH IRAN
- HUMAN RIGHTS
CAMPAIGN
o BUSINESS & FINANCE NEWS
· REGIONAL
- ENERGY
FUTURES - AT WEEK'S END - 04.14.00
- OIL HOLDING
IN TARGET RANGE
- MIDDLE EAST
E-TRADING
-
PETROCHEMICAL INVESTMENTS SHOW RETURN
- GULF OF
SUEZ PORT TO OPEN
· OMAN
- POWER PLANT
UPGRADE
· SAUDI ARABIA
- LOWER
HURDLES TO WTO ACCESSION URGED
· UAE
- ABU DHABI
MARKET SET TO OPEN
- TRADE PACT
WITH LEBANON
- OIL WELL
ACCIDENT
· GULF WEB LINKS
- IT
DEVELOPMENTS
-
ETCETERA
· PERSPECTIVES
o SAUDI ARABIA OPENS TO GREATER FOREIGN
INVESTMENT
o IRAQI OIL SMUGGLING
o U.S. POLICY ON IRAQ
· LAST LINES
*************************
EDITOR'S NOTE
*************************
Saudi Arabia's Council of Ministers approved a "landmark"
foreign investment law giving foreign investors "the same privileges,
incentives and rights as nationals," according to Robin Allen writing
for Financial Times on April 10.
GulfWire is pleased to bring you
analysis of this key step in improving the Saudi Arabian investment
environment. Kevin Taecker, a frequent contributor to GulfWire,
provides his analysis in "Perspectives" below. He has also
made available the translations of the relevant decrees in the Enterprise-KSA
library. http://www.arabialink.com/Enter-KSA.htm
Next week GulfWire will feature a follow-up article on this important
topic.
*************************
HEADLINES
*************************
· REGIONAL
DIPLOMAT EXCHANGE
Doha and Manama were set to exchange ambassadors on April 17 as the latest
stop in efforts to normalize relations strained by a territorial dispute
according to Reuters. Manama will post Isa Mohammed Al-Jamea to
Qatar and Doha is sending Shaikh Abdullah Bin Thamer Al-Thani to
Bahrain. An agreement reached in December called for the diplomatic
exchange and creation of a commission to resolve the dispute.
Source: Reuters
Related Article:
DOHA-MANAMA RELATIONS - GulfWire - Feb 21, 2000
WORLD COURT HEARING
QATAR-BAHRAIN TIES
REGIONAL DEFENSE
The decision to adopt a U.S. proposed anti-missile early warning system
would fall upon the GCC as a whole according to Saudi Arabia's Defense
Minister in comments to reporters cited by Reuters on April 15.
Prince
Sultan said, "This issue must be brought to the council through its
secretary general and all six Gulf states should discuss it. If the six
states decide on any project, we will be the first to accept it and if
they
reject it, we will be the first to reject it." The comments
followed a
recent visit by Defense Secretary Cohen who discussed the U.S.-led
Cooperative Defense Initiative (CDI) with Gulf Arab leaders. Source:
Reuters
Related Article:
COOPERATIVE DEFENSE INITIATIVE (CDI) AGAINST WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION
IN SOUTHWEST ASIA - GulfWire - February 14, 2000
GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL STATEMENT CONDEMNS BAGHDAD.
A regular meeting of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) concluded
with
a statement condemning the Iraqi government for failing to implement
United
Nations resolutions imposed against Baghdad for its occupation of
Kuwait.
The Omani delegate told the "Gulf News" of Oman on 10 April that
the
differences in view points among the members, especially as they pertained
to Iran and Iraq, were expected to dominate the meeting of the
foreign
ministers. The United Arab Emirates was dissatisfied with the role of the
GCC's tripartite committee formed to resolve its territorial dispute with
Iran over the islands of Abu Musa and the greater and lesser Tunbs. The
committee consists of Oman, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia. Iran has occupied the
islands since 1971. Thus far, there have been no developments, and the
committee's lack of activity "raises a particular sensitivity"
with UAE officials, the paper reported. According to the Saudi Arabian
Foreign Minister, Sa'ud Al-Faysal, the stumbling block to progress is the
fact that a good relationship between the GCC and Iran "was a
cornerstone for security and stability in the Gulf region." Another
problem is the re-establishment of diplomatic relations between Iraq and
some GCC members. An Omani official commented that Kuwait, opposing these
moves, "sees this as rewarding Iraq even though its has not abided by
the UN Security Council resolutions." Diplomatic relations between
Iraq and Gulf states now exist between Bahrain, Qatar, and Oman, with Abu
Dhabi rumored to be shortly following suit. The political editor of Iraq
Radio on 9 April commented that "this statement fully conforms with
U.S. lies against Iraq, which are aimed at sustaining the embargo and
aggression contrary to the will of the international community." The
GCC statement on Iraq did not find total support in the Gulf states
themselves. The "Mid East Mirror" of 13 April quotes a piece
written by Assayed Zahra in the Bahrain newspaper "Akhbar Al-Khalij." He says that GCC members Bahrain and the UAE should be
commended for their decision to reactivate diplomatic ties with Iraq, and
he applauds Abu Dhabi's decision to do the same. He criticizes the GCC
final statement by claiming that the GCC's position vis-a-vis Iraq has
stagnated over the years, and that it merely reflects the American
position. (David Nissman)
Copyright (c) 2000. RFE/RL, Inc. Reprinted with the permission of Radio
Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC
20036.
· BAHRAIN
HEALTH INSURANCE FOR FOREIGNERS
Bahrain is studying health insurance plans for foreigners according to an
official cited by Reuters on April 17. Health Ministry
Undersecretary for Training and Planning Ahmed Abdullah Ahmed said,
"The issue -- a health insurance scheme for foreigners -- is still
under study. A law is expected to be issued within one year."
He added, "The main reason is to retrieve the full cost of health
services provided to foreigners." Source: Reuters
· SAUDI ARABIA
SECURITY PACT WITH IRAN
Saudi Arabia's cabinet approved a dialogue with Tehran on security issues
according to a statement released by the Saudi Press Agency and cited by
Reuters on April 17. However, Gulf officials quoted by Reuters on
April 18 noted any security accords would focus on combating regional drug
trafficking, smuggling and illegal aliens. Source: Reuters,
AROL
HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN
Responding to human rights charges by Amnesty International, Interior
Minister Prince Nayef said Saudi Arabia would continue to apply Islamic
Sharia laws according to Reuters on April 15. Amnesty International
recently accused Saudi Arabia of human rights violations, which Prince
Nayef called a "tendentious campaign intended to tarnish the image of
Islam." He added, "If they claim that we do not apply
Sharia as prescribed in the (Moslem holy book) Quraan and Sunnah (spoken
and acted examples of the Prophet Mohammad), we can discuss that point.
But we reject outright their opposition to Islam as an ideology and a
source of law." Reuters reported Amnesty International wanted
to send a delegation to the kingdom in response to a recent statement by a
Saudi minister that those who had doubts about human rights in the country
should visit to dispel their concerns. AP also reported on April 16
that Saudi officials welcomed visits by human rights groups to the
kingdom. Source: Reuters, AP
*************************
BUSINESS AND FINANCE NEWS
*************************
· REGIONAL
ENERGY FUTURES - AT WEEK'S END -
04.14.00
Light Crude
(NYM) $24.20 bbl DOWN from
$24.90/bbl on 04.07.00
Brent Crude (IPE) $22.41
bbl DOWN from $22.84/bbl on 04.07.00
Heating Oil (NYM)
$.664/gal UP from $.646/gal on 04.07.00
Natural Gas (NYM)
$3.07/mmbtu UP from $2.96/mmbtu on 04.07.00
Unleaded Gas (NYM) $.798/gal UP
from $.788/gal on 04.07.00
Unleaded Gas (ANSAGS) $1.74/gal UNCHANGED from
$1.74 on 04.07.00
Source: CNNfn.com
****************************************************************************
ENERGY COMMODITY INFORMATION (Oil Futures, Heating Oil, Unleaded and
Natural
Gas price charts and tables) - Data from July 1999 through this week
****************************************************************************
ENERGY INFO RESOURCE - - > DOE/EIA COUNTRY
ANALYSIS BRIEFS
****************************************************************************
OIL HOLDING IN TARGET RANGE
Pricing of OPEC's oil basket tumbled over 25 percent in the last month but
is holding just above the target price band floor according to Reuters on
April 17. The basket index showed a high of $29 per barrel in March
but slipped to $22.20 per barrel as of April 14. A 20 day average
outside the $22-$28 per barrel price range will bring an automatic 500,000
barrel per day increase or cut. The current average is $23.64.
OPEC members, less Iran, approved a 1.45 million barrel per day production
increase starting April 1, 2000 following a one-year slow down that drove
world oil prices to nine-year highs. Despite its refusal to go along
with the OPEC agreement, Iran is boosting production unilaterally to avoid
losing market share. Source: Reuters
Related Article:
Oil prices rebound as Saudi toughens stance
http://www.arabia.com/article/0,1690,Business-17964,00.html
Saudi opposes oil output hike in June
http://www.bahraintribune.com/busi.asp?Art_No=4294
MIDDLE EAST E-TRADING
A U.S. on-line brokerage firm launched a Dubai- based joint venture
providing investors in the Middle East and North Africa the ability to
trade U.S. stocks over the Internet according to Reuters on April
16. DLJ direct, majority owned by U.S. investment bank Donaldson,
Lufkin and Jenrette, formed the joint venture with Bahrain's Capital Union
and Dubai's Webtrade eVentures, Ltd. Trades can be made on-line for
$20 or by phone with brokers for $40. Source: Reuters
http://www.arabia.com/article/0,1690,Business-18303,00.html
PETROCHEMICAL INVESTMENTS SHOW RETURN
The Arab Petroleum Investments Corp's (APICORP) 1999 net profit was $34.9
million up $12.1 million over 1998 according to a company statement on
Sunday cited by Reuters. APICORP is an affiliate of the Organization
of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) and finances oil and
petrochemical projects. Source: Reuters
GULF OF SUEZ PORT TO OPEN
A new port on the Gulf of Suez near the city of Ain Sokhna will open in
September according to local newspaper reports cited by Reuters on April
16. The government-funded but privately operated port will seek to attract
economic activity to the area and to ease container imports and exports.
Source: Akhbar al Youm, Reuters, AROL
http://www.arabia.com/article/0,1690,Business-18265,00.html
· OMAN
POWER PLANT UPGRADE
The United Power Company (UPC) completed a $104 million project to
increase power generation capacity at its private power plant according to
a company spokesman cited by Reuters on April 16. UPC Vice President
Said Jumayil told Reuters, " The project to triple the power capacity
is completed and commissioning will take place next month."
General Electric was awarded the contract last year to provide, on a
turnkey basis, a capacity increase from 90 megawatts to 270 megawatts at
the Al-Manah plant. Source: Reuters
· SAUDI ARABIA
LOWER HURDLES TO WTO ACCESSION
URGED
King Fahd called for an easing of requirements for World Trade
Organization (WTO) accession in a speech delivered on his behalf to the
Group of 77 summit in Cuba according to Reuters on April 15. In the
speech, delivered by assistant foreign minister Nizar Madani, King Fahd
said, "This summit should demand that the accession of countries
which are currently negotiating with the WTO should be
facilitated." He added, "Developing countries should not
be asked to fulfill any conditions other than those the existing members
have committed themselves to. They should also be given adequate
flexibility. Transparency and simplicity should be the hallmark of the WTO
membership." In 1993 Saudi Arabia began negotiations with the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) the predecessor to the WTO.
Commerce Minister Osama Bin Jaafar Faqih recently reported to a WTO group
on the Kingdom's plans to bring legislation into compliance with accession
rules. [see PERSPECTIVES - SAUDI ARABIA OPENS TO GREATER FOREIGN
INVESTMENT below] Source: Reuters
Related Article:
WTO ACCESSION TALKS
· UAE
ABU DHABI MARKET SET TO OPEN
At least 37 companies will be listed on the Abu Dhabi stock market when it
opens next month according to the chairman of the Abu Dhabi Crown Prince's
Court, Shaikh Sultan Bin Khalifa Al-Nahayan in local reports cited by
Reuters on April 17. The Abu Dhabi market and the recently opened
Dubai market will operate a central electronic exchange and trade the same
shares. Source: Reuters
Related Site:
Dubai Financial Market
(under development)
Related Article:
UAE OPENS FIRST TRADING FLOOR -
GulfWire - March 27, 2000
TRADE PACT WITH LEBANON
The UAE and Lebanon signed a free trade agreement and accords on economic,
commercial and technical cooperation on April 15 according to the WAM news
agency in a report cited by Reuters. The trade agreement, which will
ease duties on imports of locally manufactured goods between the countries
over a two-year period, becomes operative in June 2001. Source: Reuters,
WAM
OIL WELL ACCIDENT
A mishap at an offshore drilling rig left four dead and eight injured
according to the WAM news agency in a report cited by Reuters on April
16. The accident occurred Saturday at the Umm Shaif oil field.
Source: Reuters, WAM
*************************
GULF WEB LINKS
*************************
These on-line articles provide background information on current
developments. (Opinions, analyses and forecasts offered in these
articles are not necessarily those of GulfWire.)
IT DEVELOPMENTS
Internet clampdown in Mecca - The authorities in Mecca, in western Saudi
Arabia, have shut down a women-only internet cafe for reasons of public
morality.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/middle_east/newsid_716000/716424.stm
Etisalat revenues surge, but profits ease
http://www.gulf-news.co.ae/10042000/index.htm
E-commerce firms urged to get copyright protection
http://www.gulf-news.co.ae/10042000/index.htm
Netcom 2000 boosts local telecommunications industry - The conference
web
can be reached at http://www.NetCom2000bhr.com
http://www.bahraintribune.com/local.asp?Art_No=4240
Bahrain awaits mobile Internet
http://www.arabia.com/article/0,1690,Business-18085,00.html
Mobile Internet in Bahrain soon
http://www.bahraintribune.com/busi.asp?Art_No=4294
ETCETERA
Security Council Approves Iraq Weapons Inspection Plan - April 13,
2000
http://usinfo.state.gov
Fast
cars and fast driving - An insightful reminiscence of driving in the
Gulf over the years.
Israeli caravan moves on in Gulf, with or without peace process
http://www.arabia.com/article/0,1690,News-18286,00.html
*************************
PERSPECTIVES
*************************
***************************************************************
PERSPECTIVES - SAUDI ARABIA OPENS TO GREATER FOREIGN INVESTMENT
***************************************************************
Saudi Arabia Opens to Greater Foreign Investment
Special to GulfWire
By Kevin Taecker
Saudi Arabia's Council of Ministers
has adopted a new set of laws and
rulings to reform and streamline the country's system for promoting and
approving new private sector investment. For most types of
industrial and services ventures, the new system takes major steps to
"level the playing field" and provide "national
treatment" for both local and foreign
investors.
The new legislation established the
new General Commission for Investment
(GCI). Under HH Prince Abdullah bin Faisal Al-Turki (who oversaw the
creation of the highly successful world-scale industrial cities at
Jubailand Yanbu) the GCI is required to streamline the investment approval
process. The GCI will work as a "one stop shop" to make
approval decisions
for new investment applications within 30 days. The new foreign
investment system provides that 100% foreign-owned ventures should be
treated the same as wholly-Saudi or Saudi-Foreign joint venture
companies. Also embodied in the new legislation are the
liberalization of the rules governing visas (allowing companies to sponsor
their own staffs) and real estate ownership (to permit the companies to
own their premises and staff housing). In a related action by the
Saudi tax authorities, the tax code has been amended to rebate one-third
or more of a foreign company's income tax liabilities,
such that it would never pay a top marginal tax rate exceeding 30 percent.
The tax authorities also clarified that new ventures may carry-over losses
from start-up years to minimize tax liabilities during the first years
when new ventures turn profitable.
KEVIN TAECKER, an economist specializing in the Saudi economy, heads
Enterprise -- Saudi Arabia, a Washington-based consulting company and is
the 1999-2000 International Affairs Fellow at the National Council on
U.S.-Arab Relations and the U.S.-GCC Corporate Cooperation
Committee. He was previously chief economist of Saudi American Bank
in Riyadh and the U.S. Treasury Department's specialist for world energy
markets and the Arabian Gulf economies. For more info email: enter-KSA@ArabiaLink.com
; or visit: http://www.ArabiaLink.com/Enter-KSA.htm
EDITOR'S NOTE: A more detailed analysis of Saudi Arabia's new foreign
investment system will appear in next week's GulfWire. This week, as
a service to all current and future investors in Saudi Arabia, Kevin
Taecker of Enterprise-Saudi Arabia has provided English transcriptions of
the Royal Decrees that established the new system. To view the text
of the decrees visit: http://www.ArabiaLink.com/Enter-KSA.htm
and click on the library link.
Related Articles:
Saudi says new law allows full foreign ownership
http://www.arabia.com/article/0,1690,Business-17893,00.html
Saudi economy opens to foreigners
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/middle_east/newsid_709000/709344.stm
Saudi investment law wins qualified praise
http://www.arabia.com/article/0,1690,Business-17997,00.html
Saudis Opening More to Foreign Investors
http://www.nytimes.com/yr/mo/day/news/financial/saudi-invest.html
*******************************************
PERSPECTIVES - IRAQI OIL SMUGGLING SEIZURES
*******************************************
IRAQI OIL SEIZURES PART OF PLAN TO
DOMINATE PERSIAN GULF.
The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Navy seized 12 ships carrying Iraqi oil
between 5 and 11 April, IRNA reported. And on 12 April the Kish Island
director for legal affairs, Mahmud Alam, said that tankers carrying
smuggled oil have left behind oil slicks that threaten the environment.
The Kish public court authorized interceptions of the offending tankers,
and the Kish Free Trade Zone administration is seeking compensation.
Some observers believe that interception of the smugglers is a message to
the U.S. that Tehran is willing to cooperate with it in enforcing the
sanctions against Iraq. While not going so far, Petroleum Finance
Corporation's Raad Alkadiri suggested that the seizures contain at least
some element of a gesture to the United States," Reuters reported 11
April. But the information from Kish Island puts the issue in a new
light.
Tehran has consistently complained that foreign naval forces are the main
cause of pollution and environmental damage in the Persian Gulf. The main
pretext for the presence of the foreign naval forces has been enforcement
of the UN sanctions against Iraq. If Tehran demonstrates a willingness and
an ability to enforce the UN sanctions independently, it would obviate the
need for the presence of foreign forces.
With foreign forces out of the Persian Gulf, Iran can dominate the
region. And it could control the transit of oil shipments, both
licit and illicit.
Tehran also is sending messages to Baghdad. After the Mujahedin Khalq
Organization's February and March mortar attacks in Tehran, Iranian forces
attacked MKO camps in Iraq. After the first attack, Tehran urged Baghdad
to restrain the terrorists. The second attack made it clear that as long
as Tehran restricted its activities to MKO targets, Baghdad would do
nothing. So Iran decided to motivate the Iraqi regime by interrupting its
main source of revenue.
It is not just Iraqi perceptions that are being shaped. Iran's allies and
its apologists will be able to point at the naval interdictions and say
that Iran is cooperating with the international community and the UN. As
an unnamed "Iranian oil source" told Reuters, "Iran is just
trying to show that it is acting responsibly with respect to international
regulation." Vice Admiral Charles Moore, commander of the U.S. 5th
Fleet and head of the Multinational Interception Force, said on 6 April
that "The Iranians are making an attempt here at a minimum to develop
a perception that they in fact are going to cooperate with the
UN."
Iranian state radio described the messages on 12 April. "Iran's
intensified operations in disallowing the Iraqi smuggled oil to be shipped
via the Persian Gulf contains two clear messages: Iran stresses the policy
of obeying the UN regulations and resolutions. And the second message
concerns the Iraqi regime, which holds a negative record in violating
international laws and regulations. It is a regime which does not heed the
principles pertaining to good-neighborly relations with Iran."
Iran is in a strong position to intercept the oil shipments, since it
normally benefits from such smuggling operations. Since the imposition of
sanctions against Iraq, the IRGC has charged protection fees for the oil
shipments, and an IRGC station at the mouth of the Shatt al-Arab waterway
controls the operation (see "RFE/RL Iran Report," 21 December
1998). Admiral Moore said that this operation is coordinated at high
levels of the Iranian government. The IRGC charges smugglers $50 per
metric ton of oil, and this could earn the Iranians $500 million
annually.
Moore went on to say that smuggling has increased with the rise in oil
prices, and despite the MIF's efforts, about 4.8 million metric tons of
oil gets through annually. The MIF has changed its tactics to stem this
flood, Moore said, "But at the end of the day, we're not going to be
able to do much with more forces as long as the Iranians provide a
sanctuary for these smugglers." (Bill Samii)
Copyright (c) 2000. RFE/RL, Inc. Reprinted with the permission of Radio
Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC
20036.
**********************************
PERSPECTIVES - U.S. POLICY ON IRAQ
**********************************
Q's & A's
BY ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR NEAR EASTERN AFFAIRS EDWARD S. WALKER AFTER HIS
MEETINGS AT THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, ANKARA, TURKEY
APRIL 14, 2000
Excerpt: U.S. Policy on
Iraq
Q: And you were together with
Frank Ricciardone [Department of State's
Special Coordinator for Transition in Iraq]. That means that you had
talked and concentrated also on Iraq. Would you please
elaborate?
Assistant Secretary Walker: We had a
good discussion about the situation in Iraq. I made it clear that
our policy has not changed. We are strongly in favor of a unified
Iraq. We do not see separatism as being the answer. And we
will continue to operate on that basis. We discussed the northern
problems in Iraq as well, and our approach to the humanitarian problems
there.
Q: Ankara was uneasy about the
organization of some United Nations programs. Was it also raised
during these talks?
Assistant Secretary Walker: Which
U.N. programs?
Q: (Inaudible)
Assistant Secretary Walker: We had a
pretty thorough discussion of the
problems that we have been facing with regard to Iraq. We had a
particularly good discussion about the question of the sanctions -- both
in terms of how they affect the Iraqi people and our efforts to try to
improve the situation for the Iraqi people through 1284, and through our
own efforts to review our own processes. And we talked about the
importance of maintaining the sanctions that impact directly on Saddam
Hussein. And I think we had a very good common position on these
issues.
Q: And the Iraqi opposition
...... (inaudible)
Assistant Secretary Walker: Well, yes
we talked a bit about the Iraqi opposition, keeping in mind that our
approach has been to try to deal with the Iraqi opposition as a unified
effort of all Iraqis, both inside and outside of Iraq. We are not
looking to seek to deal with individual organizations. We are trying
to deal with a comprehensive whole and pull them together, that was the
whole idea of the INC.
Q: Do you think the .... will
be successful in toppling Saddam Hussein?
Assistant Secretary Walker: I don't
know -- I'm not in the business of predicting. We have a policy that
we feel that in order for Iraq to rejoin the family of nations as a valued
member -- we don't believe that Saddam Hussein can be the person who does
that because of his background, history and the way he has approached
problems in the past. And so we have favored a changing of
regime. But I am not in the business of predicting how or when that
might happen. Thank you very much.
(Distributed by the Office
of International Information Programs, U.S. Department of
State.)
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